Santa Fe School District v. Doe Analysis

Santa Fe School District v. Doe Analysis Oscar Martinez The Santa Fe Independent School District promoted the dominant Baptist Religion, and just imagine how it would feel to go to class and out of nowhere hear your teacher say okay class, we will begin class today by giving a small prayer would that make you feel uncomfortable? Would you stop your professor from moving forward with the prayer? Students within the school were facing something similar. The Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe case came to the supreme court when the school elected a student as the schools student council chaplain, and then that elected student would deliver a prayer over the PA system at every home game that the varsity football team would have. Prayers were not only offered in football games, but also at graduation ceremonies. It wasnt until two students and their mothers (one Mormon and one Catholic) file a suit against the school district. They argued that these practices were against the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. As the suit was pending the school district then decided to take action by making a different policy. In the new policy there were going to be two student elections. The first was to determine whether prayers should be deliver at games, and the second, a student was to be elected as the spokesman. After changing and modifying the policy, The Fifth Circuit held that even do the policy has been changed, the prayers at the football games were still invalid. Then the big question rose even more, whether does the Santa Fe Independent School District policy permitting student-led, student-initiated prayer at football games violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment? Then the Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe case officially came to the supreme court in the year 2000. The case was indeed an establishment case, and the case was argued on March 29, 2000 and was decided on June 19, 2000. In the oral argument the petitioner was the Santa Fe Independent School District and Doe was the respondent. Jay Alan Sekulow argued the cause for the petitioner. Hes main argument was that There, in concluding that a prayer delivered by a rabbi at a graduation ceremony violated the Establishment Clause, the Court held that, at a minimum, the Constitution guarantees that government may not coerce anyone to support or participate in religion or its exercise, or otherwise act in a way that establishes a state religion or religious faith, or tends to do so. Anthony P. Griffin argued the caused for the respondent. He had two main arguments, his first The District argues unpersuasively that these principles are inapplicable because the policys messages are private student speech, not public speech. The delivery of a message such as the invocation here on school property, at school-sponsored events, over the schools public address system, by a speaker representing the student body, under t he supervision of school faculty, and pursuant to a school policy that explicitly and implicitly encourages public prayer is not properly characterized as private speech. The second main argument he had was While the suit was pending, the District adopted a new policy, which permitted, but did not require, student-initiated and student-led prayer at all the home games and which authorized two student elections, the first to determine whether invocations should be delivered at games, and the second to select the spokesperson to deliver them. The policy involves both perceived and actual endorsement of religion, declaring that the student elections take place because the District has chosen to permit student-delivered invocations, that the invocation shall be conducted by the high school student council. At the end, the decision was a yes, delivering prayers over the PA system is a violation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. It was a 6-3 opinion delivered by Justice John Paul Stevens. The Court concluded that the football game prayers were public speech authorized by a government policy and taking place on government property at govern ment-sponsored school-related events and that the Districts policy involved both perceived and actual government endorsement of the delivery of prayer at important school events. Such speech is not properly characterized as private and this was writing majority by Justice Stevens. In Corbett, there is a similar case that is very similar to Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe case. Corbett states The Court has also held, in Lee v. Weisman (505 U.S. 577, 1992), that the practice of asking clergy to offer prayers of invocation and benediction at the beginning and end of public high school graduation ceremonies is unconstitutional, as is the practice of offering prayers before public school sporting events (Corbett 138). In this case the big question Does the inclusion of clergy who offer prayers at official public school ceremonies violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment? It was also a decided as a yes. In a 5-to-4 decision, the Court held that government involvement in this case creates a state-sponsored and state-directed religious exercise in a public school. Such conduct conflicts with settled rules proscribing prayer for students. The schools rule creates subtle and indirect coercion (students must stand respectfully and silently), fo rcing students to act in ways which establish a state religion. The cornerstone principle of the Establishment Clause is that government may not compose official prayers to recite as part of a religious program carried on by government. Both cases are very similar and both have to do with prayers at school events. Bringing prayers into graduation ceremonies and school sport games is basically forcing students to do something and its very uncomfortable. Besides also bringing prayer into schools is like saying theres a specific religion in this state or school therefore if you want to attend here, you will be doing these specific practices. Works Cited Corbett, Michael, and Julia Corbett Hemeyer. Politics and Religion in the United States 2nd edition. New York: Routledge Pub, 2014. Print. Lee v. Weisman. 505 U.S 577. Supreme Court of the US. 1992. Oyez. Chicago-Kent College of Law at Illinois Tech, n.d. Dec 14, 2016. Rodman, Rosamond. Ever the Twain Shall Meet: Religion Politics in the U.S. San Diego: Cognella Academic Publishing, 2015. Print Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe. 530 U.S 290. Supreme Court of the US. 2000. Oyez. Chicago-Kent College of Law at Illinois Tech, n.d. Dec 14, 2016

Role Of Socialization

Family is the first social agent which individuals are exposed to; they are the primary source of colonization (Bryn & Lie, 2012). This social agent is responsible for teaching individuals about ‘self â€Å"a set of ideas and attitudes about who one is as an independent being† (Bryn & Lie, 2012, p. 58). A functionalist view would argue â€Å"family is the most important agent of primary colonization, the process of mastering the basic skills required to operate in society during childhood† (Bryn & Lie, 2012, p. 60).Language is one concept aught by the family in order to communicate, without a basic form of communication fitting into society would be near impossible. Teaching children how to speak is considered part of being a parent and is not questioned; bad parenting in turn would lead to bad colonization. Families also provide ‘class' and how you as an individual, and family, fit into the order of society. Wealthy families may be able to provide different opportunities versus poor families, and different values may be taught such as wasting food and saving money.The lessons children are taught shape how they will act in society and what they will think of themselves and others. School is another social agent which impacts an individuals understanding of self and society (â€Å"Agents of colonization,† 2013). School teaches individuals how to be a productive member of society and gives them the means in order to succeed in society. One example is learning to listen to and respect authority. This is taught from kindergarten on.If a child breaks the rule and disrespects their teacher, or authority, they will be disciplined and taught to not do that again. Without the understanding of respecting authority an individual will have a hard time fitting into society since there is always rules to follow and authority to respect; bosses, RACE, laws and so on. School also teaches a work ethic which is an important aspect of each individ ual. Bad work ethic can lead to being less successful in life, being an underachiever, and in turn not living up to what one could.Norms are also an aspect of society that are taught in school. An individual's family is responsible for teaching communication and language, and the school builds on that basic knowledge to make it acceptable for societies standards. For example college students are expected to write at a specific level, in proper form, following rules and guidelines in order to convey their thoughts. If a student is unable to write at that level they will fail their courses and be unable to graduate in that program.The ‘norm' for adults to be able to read and write with specific accuracy, without this basic understanding the adult may not be able to hold a stead job, own a house, find a marriage partner, or, have kids. This would in turn impact their understanding of oneself and how they fit into society. Peers are a third social agent, which hugely impacts and s hapes our understanding of self. Interacting with peers teaches individuals what is considered normal and acceptable in society. From a young age children are taught to use words instead of hitting during an argument.This lesson carries forward and is a crucial part of colonization. As an adult one cannot hit somebody because they are upset- that can lead to a criminal charge (Barbour, 2008). Peers also teach sharing from a young age, which follows through to adulthood and an integral part of society. In adolescence peer roofs promote individuality from family, and finding oneself. Among peers adolescents are able to make choices on their own and learn from their own mistakes, and not the guiding of parents and authority. Peers also offer a challenge to individuals.Prior to having friends individuals are influenced by family, however, once peers and friends become more involved in their lives they are opened to new views and opinions that may differ from their own (Barbour, 2008). G ender roles are also another aspect of society, which peer groups heavily influence (â€Å"Agents Of colonization,† 2013). Boys and girls are treated differently, social expectations are placed on the different genders, and masculine and feminine ways are taught. Peer groups can have a negative social influence as well.Cliques, gangs, and peer pressure are all aspects of peer groups, it is up to the individual to chose right from wrong and look at how those peers will negatively effect them. Functionalist theory can also be applied to this agent of colonization, since functionalist look at † how colonization helps to maintain orderly social relations† (Bryn & Lie, 2012, p. 60). A functionalist would also argue â€Å"social structures are based mainly on shared values† (Bryn & Lie, 201 2, p. 12). That would explain gangs, cliques, and groups among peers. Mass media is one of the biggest social influences.All individuals have access to mass media in some form . TV, internet, social networking, advertising, videos, newspapers and books are just a few of the forms of mass media, which we are surrounded by. Media influences how individuals think they should view themselves; fat, skinny, popular, rich, different etc. Media also influences what we view as norms; fashion, technology, hair, engage, posture etc. With both norms and views individuals are faced with expectations of society. For example if you want to look rich and sophisticated you must drive an expensive car and wear expensive clothing.If you want to have an attractive boyfriend you must wear reveling clothing, act provocatively and be very thin. These are expectations that have been placed upon individuals by the mass media, and although they are not always true, they are viewed as the way that society works. When you cannot fit into size O pants your understanding of self will be shaped as well because according to he media you will not be able to be successful and marry an att ractive man, get a great paying job, own a house and start a family.All that is influenced from the media and shaped your understanding of what you can achieve in life and where you stand within society. By looking at all the different type of agents of solicitations it is easy to see how individuals are shaped based on the agents they are exposed to. Each agent has their own job in shaping individuals and teaching them lessons. The agents of colonization; family, school, peers, and media are what influence and shape our understanding of society and ourselves.

The Supreme Approach for Essay Topics for College

The Supreme Approach for Essay Topics for College Essay isn't a four-letter wordthough you might feel like using a couple of your own when it is time to write one. Our writers will go on polishing the paper until you're 100% satisfied by it. The standard of your topic will choose the grading of the paper. Your whole paper will be a lot better as a consequence, and your grades will follow. It isn't difficult to locate a great exploratory paper topic for college. Regardless of what piece of writing you are assigned at your institution, the comprehensive paper has to be interesting to read. The Meaning of Essay Topics for College Inspiration to make your own advertising or media argumentative essay topics isn't tricky to discover. If you are searching for tips about how to compose a descriptive essay, you've come to the correct place. Sure, with this kind of a huge selection of topics to pick from, picking just one may be challenging. F. Bacon The main goal of the capital isn't to get as much money as possible, yet to make sure that money causes a better life. Essay Topics for College - Overview Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. An argumentative essay is a certai n kind of academic writing. The very best argumentative essay topics are the simplest ones. Recent argumentative essay topics that are related to society is going to do. So, it's a significant foundation for assorted epic stories! Second, you ought to be cautious with hero essays. As an essay is a typical and the most popular kind of writing tasks, there are lots of examples of different kinds of essays. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to discover ready-made essays and use them as an example. At the conclusion of these list, you are going to discover links to a variety of argumentative paragraphs and essays. Curriculum proposal topics is a means to try. To collect such info, a detailed main research is demanded. The following are a few topics that you're able to look at. For you to produce a superb descriptive essay, you need to have some curiosity in your subject. Having selected a fantastic topic to argue about, at this point you will need to make an argumentative essay outline. Before studying the top rated informative essay topics, it is necessary to ask what makes a great topic. Researching the topic will permit you t o find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you really like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. In the event you have some excellent ideas of what your topic might be, narrow to the descriptive paper topic that you may really explore and compose all there is to be written about. You'll also want to opt for a topic that you are in possession of a strong opinion on. The topic shouldn't be very narrow and at the very same time that it shouldn't be too wide. To start with, you may have an extremely vague and lengthy topic, but you ought to keep on narrowing it down till you receive the precise topic. Getting the Best Essay Topics for College Once you receive an idea, the practice of writing will be much simpler. Picking the most suitable topic for a persuasive speech is occasionally not such an easy matter to do as it might seem. There are a lot of things to argue when it regards the law. The Foolproof Essay Topics for College Strategy Normally, having three important arguments to demonstrate your point is sufficient for a convincing paper. You may also restate the ideas you have discussed in the body paragraphs in order to make your point valid. With amazing arguments, it is going to be effortless to create your viewpoint. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics as you need opposing points that you could counter to your own points. Your thesis ought to be relevant so the short article can use a structure that's flexible in order to fit in the shoes of the readers. Eventually, you've got 3-5 topics that could earn a good starting point for an essay writing. Bear in mind, the point of the essays is to demonstrate the admissions officers something they can't garner from the remainder of your application. Argumentative essay is a sort of academic paper that demands profound understanding of analyzed problem and a huge collection of personal opinions and facts. Things You Won't Like About Essay Topics for College and Things You Will Students ought to be in a position to describe their environment properly, which is precisely why researching topics for a descriptive essay will bring them on the proper track to assess their learning approach. With proper main topics, they can reach good results. The ways they should be taught about their health. College students have various ideas. Remember your essay is abou t solving problems, thus a solution ought to be a highlight of the essay. You may use different examples that can be found on the web at no cost. Very good news is that we've got a solution.

Fast Food National or Local - 1486 Words

Fast food restaurant chains are a popular and convenient choice for eating on the go in our modern society. There are certainly several positive aspects to fast food establishments, but are the potential health detriments and collective negative effects on society worth it? Or would it be better to support locally owned and operated restaurants? Here I will examine several facts pertaining to these restaurants, as well as explain why I personally believe we should not frequent these establishments, but rather support local restaurants. In the documentary film Supersize Me Morgan Spurlock eats every meal at a McDonalds for a month. He eats what an average person would eat and gets almost no physical activity – only†¦show more content†¦Due to fears about mad cow disease McDonalds also told them to keep dead cows out of the cattle feed. They also convinced egg suppliers to give chickens a little more space because they could not even stand up. The space still isnt very much, they can at least stand up now but they still cant move around. Unfortunately, none of the fast food chains that have required these tougher standards for animal treatment have bothered to call for regulations to protect the workers (Schlosser 243). There are other seemingly redeeming deeds in the fast food industry. For instance, Pizza Hut has a program for earning Personal Pan Pizzas called Book It! which is designed as a reading incentive for children in Kindergarten through Sixth grade (bookitprogram.com). Many McDonalds and Burger King locations have play structures for children. Mcdonalds has Happy Meals, and Burger King has Kids Meals both of which appeal to children with toys. While encouraging reading and offering places for children to play may seem good, these things are also intended to breed brand loyalty in children at an early age. Even the commercials are targeted at children, with original characters such as Ronald McDonald promoting McDonalds and a Burger King ad campaign involving the cartoon character Spongebob. As Ray Kroc once said: A child who loves our TV commercials and brings herShow MoreRelatedPanera Bread Case Study998 Words   |  4 PagesPanera Bread Company is a national bakery-cafe with 1,504 locations across the US and Canada. This case study provides information regarding the past performance, current analysis, stock valuation, market evaluation, and industry comparison. In this analysis and case study, we hope you, the reader, will gain usable insight on Panera Bread and its value. We will give a recommendation to our readers according to our given information. Panera Bread is a chain of bakery-cafe quick service restaurantsRead MoreCultural Globalization: The Emergence of the Americanized World 685 Words   |  3 Pagescultural globalization and its effects solely. 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